微光像增强器常用荧光粉性能研究

杨武丽; 来悦颖; 张晓辉; 焦岗成; 李世龙; 郭欣; 贾甜甜

doi:10.5768/JAO202243.0604023

微光像增强器常用荧光粉性能研究

doi: 10.5768/JAO202243.0604023

杨武丽^{1, 2,},
来悦颖^{1, 2},
张晓辉^{1, 2},
焦岗成^{1, 2},
李世龙^{1, 2},
郭欣^{1, 2},
贾甜甜^{1, 2}

1.
微光夜视技术重点实验室，陕西西安 710065
2.
昆明物理研究所，云南昆明 650223

基金项目: 国防基础科研项目（JCKY2018208B016）

详细信息

作者简介:
杨武丽（1994—），女，工程师，主要从事微光像增强器显示器件研究。E-mail：1301777687@qq.com

中图分类号: TN206
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- 文章访问数: 106
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-09-04
- 修回日期: 2022-10-12
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-07
- 刊出日期: 2022-11-14

Research on properties of commonly-used phosphors for low-level-light image intensifiers

YANG Wuli^{1, 2
,},
LAI Yueying^{1, 2},
ZHANG Xiaohui^{1, 2},
JIAO Gangcheng^{1, 2},
LI Shilong^{1, 2},
GUO Xin^{1, 2},
JIA Tiantian^{1, 2}

1.
Science and Technology on Low-Light-Level Night Vision Laboratory, Xi'an 710065, China
2.
Kunming Institute of Physics, Kunming 650223, China

摘要

摘要: 荧光粉是微光像增强器荧光屏的关键材料，可将电子图像转换为可见光学图像，其性能对像增强器的分辨力、发光光谱、调制传递函数、余辉等性能有重要影响。针对国内外目前像增强器的发展情况，就国内外像增强器荧光屏常用的P20（（Zn,Cd）S∶Ag）、P22（ZnS∶Cu,Al）、P31（ZnS∶Cu）、P43（Gd₂O₂S∶Tb）和P45（Y₂O₂S∶Tb）开展相应的性能对比研究，分别对这5种荧光粉的物相结构、光谱特性、发光效率及分辨力等性能进行了表征，分析了不同种类荧光粉的适用条件。结果表明：这5类常用荧光粉对于像增强器的不同性能提升各有贡献，其中分辨力较高的为P43荧光粉，发光效率较高的为P22荧光粉，而人眼观测舒适度最好的则为P45荧光粉。鉴于对微光像增强器高性能的要求，在选用微光像增强器用荧光粉时可选用综合性能较为优越的P22和P43荧光粉，也可根据像增强器的具体性能要求及实际使用需求选用合适的荧光粉种类。
- 微光像增强器 /
- 荧光屏 /
- 荧光粉 /
- 光学特性
Abstract: The phosphors is the key material of the fluorescent screen of low-level-light image intensifier, which can transform the electronic images into the visible optical images. Its performances have an important influence on the resolution, luminescence spectrum, modulation transfer function and afterglow of the image intensifier. In view of the current development of image intensifier at home and abroad, a comparative performance study was carried out on the commonly-used P20 ((Zn, Cd) S: Ag), P22 (ZnS: Cu, Al), P31 (ZnS: Cu), P43 (Gd₂O₂S: Tb) and P45 (Y₂O₂S: Tb) for fluorescent screen of image intensifier. The phase structure, spectral characteristics, luminous efficiency and resolution of these five types of phosphors were characterized respectively, and the applicable conditions of different kinds of phosphors were analyzed. The results show that these five types of commonly-used phosphors contribute to the improvement of different performances of image intensifier. Among which, the P43 phosphors has higher resolution, the P22 phosphors has higher luminous efficiency, and the P45 phosphors provides the best observation comfort for the human eyes. In view of the requirements for the high performance of the low-level-light image intensifier, the P22 and the P43 phosphors with superior comprehensive performance can be selected when selecting phosphors for the low-level-light image intensifier, and the appropriate types of phosphors can also be selected according to the specific performance requirements and actual use requirements of image intensifier.
- low-level-light image intensifier /
- fluorescent screen /
- phosphor /
- optical properties

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图 1 荧光屏制备工艺流程图

Fig. 1 Flow chart of preparation process for fluorescent screen

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图 2 荧光粉XRD谱图

Fig. 2 XRD pattern of phosphor

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图 3 365 nm激发下P20（（Zn,Cd）S:Ag）的光谱特性结果图

Fig. 3 Excitation spectrum of P20 ((Zn, Cd) S:Ag) (λ_ex=365 nm)

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图 4 365 nm激发下P22（ZnS:Cu,Al）的光谱特性图

Fig. 4 Excitation spectrum of P22 (ZnS:Cu, Al) (λ_ex=365 nm)

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图 5 365 nm激发下 P31（ZnS:Cu）的光谱特性图

Fig. 5 Excitation spectrum of P31 (ZnS:Cu) (λ_ex=365 nm)

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图 6 254 nm激发下 P43（Gd₂O₂S:Tb）的光谱特性图

Fig. 6 Excitation spectrum of P43 (Gd₂O₂S:Tb) (λ_ex=254 nm)

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图 7 254 nm激发下P45（Y₂O₂S:Tb）的光谱特性

Fig. 7 Excitation spectrum of P45 (Y₂O₂S:Tb) (λ_ex=254 nm)

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表 1 发光效率测试结果

Table 1 Measurement results for luminous efficiency

编号	屏号	发光效率/（lm/W）	均值/（lm/W）
P20	1	15.4	15.45
	2	15.2
	3	15.7
	4	15.5
P22	1	18.9	18.85
	2	18.8
	3	19
	4	18.7
P31	1	9.6	9.8
	2	9.8
	3	10
	4	9.9
P43	1	13.4	13.2
	2	13.2
	3	13
	4	13.2
P45	1	8	7.8
	2	7.5
	3	7.8
	4	7.9

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表 2 荧光屏分辨力测试结果

Table 2 Measurement results for resolution of fluorescent screen

编号	分辨力/(lp/mm)	编号	分辨力/(lp/mm)
P20-1	92.2	P20-2	92.4
P22-1	94.8	P22-2	94.4
P31-1	94.6	P31-2	94.4
P43-1	95.8	P43-2	96.2
P45-1	94.4	P45-2	94.6

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表 3 像管分辨力测试结果

Table 3 Measurement results for resolution of bare pipe of image intensifier

编号	分辨力/(lp/mm)	编号	分辨力/(lp/mm)
P20-1	57	P20-2	58
P22-1	60	P22-2	59
P31-1	58	P31-2	57
P43-1	67	P43-2	65
P45-1	61	P45-2	61

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表 4 荧光粉光谱特性测试结果

Table 4 Measurement results for spectral characteristics of phosphor

编号	发光亮度L	色阶坐标		主波长/nm	峰值波长/nm	半波宽/nm	显色指数Ra	D10	D50	D90
编号	发光亮度L	x	y	主波长/nm	峰值波长/nm	半波宽/nm	显色指数Ra	D10	D50	D90
P20	73.311	0.3404	0.5928	555.7	539.1	85.9	23.2	1.38	2.45	4.25
P22	89.191	0.2996	0.6192	548.3	534.8	75.9	15.8	1.36	2.32	3.92
P31	70.565	0.2837	0.6062	544.4	530.1	74.7	19.7	1.33	2.5	4.47
P43	114.11	0.3462	0.5887	556.6	544.1	2.9	23.9	1.14	1.93	3.27
P45	53.582	0.3774	0.6159	560.7	544.2	2.9	2	1.47	2.68	4.77

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表 5 像增强器用荧光粉主要指标

Table 5 Key indicators of phosphor used for image intensifier

项目	P20	P22	P31	P43	P45	备注
荧光屏发光效率/（lm/W）	15.45	18.85	9.8	13.2	7.8	制成荧光屏后测试
分辨力/（lp/mm）	92	94	94	95	94	制成荧光屏后测试
发光颜色	黄绿	黄绿（绿）	黄绿（绿）	黄绿	白色
发光亮度/（cd/m²）	73.311	89.191	70.565	114.11	53.582
色阶坐标$\dfrac{x}{y} $	$\dfrac{0.340\;4}{0.592\;8} $	$\dfrac{0.299\;6}{0.619\;2} $	$\dfrac{0.283\;7}{0.606\;2} $	$\dfrac{0.346\;2}{0.588\;7} $	$\dfrac{0.377\;4}{0.615\;9} $
主波长/nm	555.7	548.3	544.4	556.6	560.7
峰值波长/nm	539.1	534.8	530.1	544.1	544.2
半波宽/nm	85.9	75.9	74.7	2.9	2.9
显色指数Ra	23.2	15.8	19.7	23.9	2
荧光寿命/ms	0.62	0.66	0.57	0.60	1.34
中心粒径/μm	2.45	2.32	2.5	1.93	2.68
余辉/ms	0.6	8	0.1	1.2	1.7	《光电子成像器件原理》^[25]
像管分辨力/（lp/mm）	≥57	≥60	≥57	≥65	≥61	制成像管后测试

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