Abstract: Due to the lower detection and recognition probability of camouflage target by current opto-electrical imaging systems, it is important to develop a new technology to detect and recognize the camouflage target. This paper introduces an infrared polarization imaging system, describes the principle, constitute and characteristics of the system. The waveband range of the developed infrared polarization imaging system is 3 m ~5 m/8 m ~12 m, the degree of linear polarization is 95%, and the extinction ratio is above 100∶1. The results of analysis data and polarization fusion image are given. These results indicate that the infrared polarization imaging system can effectively realize the detection and recognition of camouflage target. The results can also be extended into the detection and reorganization of artificial false objects and aerial stealth targets.