Abstract: In order to obtain images with an airborne electro-optical system at the required distance, the theoretical analysis and simulation calculation of an optical dome and a mirror system were conducted, and a prototype was tested. The relationship between dome aperture and received light energy at different spectra were calculated, and the vignetting coefficient of the optical system was discussed. At the flight altitude of 8.4km, the prototype incorporated with this dome could detect a fighter aircraft at a distance of 86km with a LWIR scanning system, track the same target at a distance of 180km with a MWIR staring system, and obtain a laser ranging of 47km. An optical dome and mirror system was designed successfully based on the theoretical analysis and simulation calculation.