Abstract: A theoretical base for using the technology of multibeam transmission and the reception in the ship laser communication systems was provided by the research on the influence of partially coherent beams passing through the strong turbulence on the bit error rate. The relation between system bit error rate and transmission range was obtained under the conditions of different turbulence measurement, transmission laser wavelength and light source coherence parameter by the aid of a method to parse the equation of laser transmission in atmospheric turbulence field, ignoring other noises in the system, but considering the bit error rate caused by atmospheric turbulence only. The result indicates that under the strong turbulence condition, the system bit error rate is increased gradually with the increase of the transmission range when the quantity of transmitting antennas reaches a certain number, but the system bit error rate tends to saturation when the transmission range accretion reaches a definite degree; the bigger the light source coherence parameter increases, the lower the system bit error rate becomes; the more the turbulence inner scale is, the higher the system bit error rate becomes; and the variation of the transmission laser wavelength has no obvious influence on the system bit error rate.