Abstract: In this paper,the principle of the nearfield optics microscope is introduced,the technique of nearfield optics microscope is explored, and the two key problems with the fabrication of nanoprobes and the control of distance between the nanoprobe and the nanoobject are researched. The operating mode of the NSOM nanoprobe is explained. The contrast type of nearfield optical imaging is expounded. The application of NSOM in many fields is introduced. Some personal opinions are proposed based on the great number of outcomes of scientific reseraches at home and abroad.