Abstract: Bubble is a novel medium for potential broadband passive optoelectronic countermeasures. To investigate the principle of its attenuation, geometrical optics theory and electromagnetic wave theory were used to study the phenomenon of light refraction and absorption of discrete bubbles. The change of the propagation direction and the transmission energy were analyzed, and the model was established. It is found that the structures and materials of bubbles play an important role in attenuating light according to the calculation and infrared spectrograms as well as the thermal imaging test. It indicates that the extinction capability and concentration of bubble solvent can seriously influence the light absorption in some wavebands, bubbles can change the direction of light propagation and reduce the energy density, the transmission intensity and light energy decrease rapidly with the increase of times that the light passes through the bubbles, and bubbles′ floating nature can cause the uncertainty in the emergent ray direction and energy distribution.