Abstract: A method is proposed to realize anti-synchronization of different chaotic systems. A controller was designed based on Lyapunov stability theory. The single-mode laser Lorenz system and Rossler system were taken as examples to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The anti-synchronization of uncertain chaotic systems was studied. Taking the uncertain single-mode laser Lorenz system and Rossler system as examples, the chaotic anti-synchronization control was realized, and the uncertain parameters in the systems were identified. The simulation results show that the method is effective and practical. The method is applicable to any chaotic systems, and can be used widely.