Abstract: The imaging principle and characteristic of the synthetic aperture are analyzed. The model of the detecting system was established in combination with synthetic aperture and theodolite. The influence of the random vibration of the detector on imaging quality was analyzed. The random vibration experiment was implemented for the tracking process. The random vibration signal of the detector was tested for the tracking process of the turret. It is pointed out that the MTF of the synthetic aperture imaging system as an evaluation index for the imaging quality can prove whether the established system can be applied to the spatial imaging after the calculation and simulation analysis.