Design of 15 mm~300 mm wide-spectrum zoom optical system
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摘要:
变焦光学系统不仅适用于照相、监控以及显微等日常生活中，还被广泛应用于航空航天及国防建设等领域。随着应用范围的扩大，对其性能指标的要求也越来越多，该文设计了一款15 mm ~300 mm的宽光谱四组元连续变焦光学系统。该系统采用正组补偿结构实现了20×的光学变焦，工作在450 nm~900 nm光谱范围，工作温度范围为−40 ℃~60 ℃；采用了18片球面玻璃镜片，总长160 mm，最大口径66 mm，长焦F数优于5，系统结构紧凑，满足小型化要求。系统在可见光波段，中心视场的调制传递函数（modulation transfer function, MTF）>0.4@145 lp/mm，全视场MTF>0.2@145 lp/mm；在近红外波段，中心视场MTF>0.45@60 lp/mm，全视场MTF>0.2@60 lp/mm。从设计结果可以看出，该设计满足高性能指标要求，对于宽光谱、大变倍比、小型化的变焦光学系统设计具有一定的参考意义。
Abstract:The zoom optical system is not only suitable for daily life such as photography, surveillance and microscopy, but also widely used in aerospace and national defense construction. With the expansion of the application range, there are more and more requirements for its performance indicators. A 15 mm~300 mm wide-spectrum four-component continuous zoom optical system was designed, which used a positive group compensation structure to achieve 20 times optical zoom, operating in the spectrum range of 450 nm~900 nm, and the working temperature range was −40 ℃~ 60 ℃. It also used 18 pieces of spherical glass lenses with a total length of 160 mm, a maximum aperture of 66 mm, and a long focal F number better than 5, which showed the system had compact structure and met the miniaturization requirements. In the visible light band, the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the central field of view was greater than 0.4@145 lp/mm, and the MTF of full field of view was greater than 0.2@145 lp/mm. In the near infrared band, the MTF of the central field of view was greater than 0.45@60 lp/mm and the MTF of full field of view was greater than 0.2@60 lp/mm. From the design results, the proposed design meets the requirements of high performance index, and has certain reference significance for the design of zoom optical system with wide spectrum, large zoom ratio and miniaturization.
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Keywords:
- zoom optical system /
- wide spectrum /
- large zoom ratio /
- miniaturization /
- optical athermalization
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图 1 正组补偿换根原理图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of positive group compensation and root replacement
表 1 光学系统设计指标
Table 1 Indicators for optical system design
参数 设计值 分辨率/pixel 1 920 × 1 080 焦距/mm 15 ～ 300 工作波段/nm 450 ～ 900 F数 长焦优于5 系统总长/mm ≤160 相对照度/% >70 光学后焦/mm ≥ 10 光学畸变/% 短焦< 3，长焦< 1 像元大小/μm 3.45 传递函数 可见光波段 中心视场> 0.4@145 lp/mm 0.8视场> 0.2@145 lp/mm 近红外波段 中心视场> 0.4@60 lp/mm 0.8视场> 0.2@60 lp/mm 
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