Design of optical system for all-weather and panoramic surveillance camera
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摘要:
设计了一款能实现全天候清晰成像的全景监控摄像光学系统。采用全景环带结构形式，该结构分为摄像头部单元和中继透镜单元两部分，摄像头部单元完成全视场目标搜索，中继透镜单元将头部单元所成的中间虚像进行二次成像会聚到探测器上。设计时采用多重结构优化方式，实现可见光及近红外双波段成像。该光学系统视场为360°×（40°~100°），焦距为−2.75 mm，F数为3.28。设计结果表明：系统的MTF（modulation transfer function）值在全视场处接近衍射极限，各个视场的弥散斑半径均小于所选CCD像元尺寸，畸变小于2 %，且日夜离焦量小于0.002 mm，该设计结果可满足全天候全景监控需求。
Abstract:An optical system for panoramic surveillance cameras that can achieve clear all-weather imaging was designed. A panoramic annular structure was adopted, which was divided into two parts: camera head unit and relay lens unit. The camera head unit completed the full field of view target search, and the relay lens unit performed secondary imaging of the intermediate virtual image formed by the head unit and converged it on the detector. The design adopted multiple structural optimization methods to achieve visible light and near-infrared dual band imaging. The field of view of the optical system is 360°× (40°~100°), the focal length is −2.75 mm, and the F number is 3.28. The design results show that the modulation transfer function (MTF) value is close to the diffraction limit at the full field of view, the diffuse spot radius of each field of view is less than the selected CCD pixel size, the distortion is less than 2%, and the day-night defocus amount is less than 0.002 mm, which can meet the requirements of all-weather and panoramic surveillance.
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Keywords:
- panoramic annular lens /
- wide band /
- large field of view /
- optical system design
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表 1 光学系统技术指标
Table 1 Technical indices of optical system
参数 技术指标 工作波段/nm 可见光、近红外（840～860） 视场角/（°） 360×（40～100） 像元尺寸/μm ≤4 焦距/mm −2.75 F数 3.28 MTF（125 lp/mm） >0.4 相对照度 >0.9 畸变/% <2 
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表 2 镜头结构参数
Table 2 Parameters of lens configuration
表面 曲率半径/mm 厚度/mm 材料 1 38.195 23.780 H-K9L 2* −15.661 −22.829 MIRROR 3 −37.555 22.829 MIRROR STO* −15.661 1.998 AIR 5 −5.137 1.507 SF14 6 −5.727 0.647 AIR 7 −20.263 1.594 N-BAK2 8 −5.994 1.582 LAF9 9 −12.616 0.599 AIR 10 13.033 1.838 ZF51 11 10.601 1.604 H-ZK50 12 100.438 9.902 AIR 13 13.954 1.199 ZF51 14 7.247 2.639 BASF12 15 −26.687 1.101 AIR 16 −11.640 1.070 N-KZFS8 17 −113.701 9 AIR
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表 3 非球面面型参数
Table 3 Aspheric surface parameters
表面 曲率半径/mm 圆锥系数 四阶项 六阶项 八阶项 2、4 −15.661 0.159 895 5.706 90×10−6 4.400 18×10−8 1.038 33×10−10
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表 4 公差分析项目和取值范围
Table 4 Tolerance analysis items and value ranges
公差项目 取值范围 曲率半径 <2 中心厚度/mm ±0.04 表面偏心/mm ±0.013 表面倾斜/（°） ±0.017 材料折射率 ±0.001 阿贝数/% ±0.3
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表 5 蒙特卡罗分析结果
Table 5 Monte Carlo analysis results
成像区域/% MTF（@125 lp/mm） 90 >0.323 0 80 >0.330 1 50 >0.379 1 20 >0.441 7 10 >0.484 8
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