Abstract: In order to meet the requirements of helicopter rotor dynamic load test, a three-dimensional (3D) dynamic deformation measurement and visual analysis method for helicopter rotor was proposed. Firstly, according to the structure and high-speed rotation characteristics of helicopter rotor, a dynamic deformation image measurement and monitoring as well as analysis system of rotor with binocular high-definition camera as the core was designed. Then, based on the binocular stereo vision measurement theory, the principle/method of the measuring system calibration, real-time single point deformation measurement, speckle image matching, rotor surface 3D reconstruction and 3D dynamic deformation visual analysis were discussed. Finally, the simulation test of simulated and measured environment was carried out on the ground, and the test system construction, test data acquisition, processing and analysis were realized. The test results show that this method can obtain the positioning measurement accuracy with the maximum error less than 4 mm, and can well realize the 3D dynamic deformation measurement of helicopter rotor, which provides intuitive and reliable data and technical support for the flight test rotor load test data analysis.