Spectral beam combination technology of high-power laser
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摘要:
为了获得高功率激光束，提出利用双色镜对典型波长2种不同类型（脉冲、连续）的高能激光进行合束，以实现高功率高能量激光输出。通过对双色镜的热效应和合束光斑远场激光参数进行仿真分析计算，热效应仿真结果表明，在单束激光10 kW、光斑直径15 mm条件下，双色镜面型热形变量均方根值为0.004λ（λ=632.8 nm），满足光学元件面型小于0.03λ精度要求。搭建了一套基于双色镜的光谱合束系统，并分别进行了高功率连续激光与高功率连续激光、高功率连续激光与高能量脉冲激光的合束试验，合束效率高于95%。试验结果表明，光谱合束可有效应用于高能激光领域。
Abstract:In order to obtain the high-power laser beam, the dichroic mirror was used to combine the two different types of pulse and continuous high energy laser beam of typical wavelengths to achieve the high-power and high-energy laser output. Through the simulation analysis of the thermal effect of dichroic mirrors and the far-field laser parameters of beam combination spot, the simulation results of the thermal effect showed that the root-mean-square value of surface thermal deformation of dichroic mirror was 0.004 λ (λ=632.8 nm) with the single laser beam power of 10 kW and the light spot diameter of 15 mm, which satisfied the design requirements of optical elements surface accuracy less than 0.03 λ. Finally, an experimental system based on dichroic mirror of spectral beam combination was developed. The beam combination test of high-power continuous laser and high-power continuous laser, high-power continuous laser and high-energy pulsed laser were carried out respectively, and the beam combination efficiency was higher than 95%. The experimental results show that the spectral beam combination can be effectively applied to the field of high-energy laser.
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图 5 合束激光在远场的激光光斑示意图
Figure 5. Schematic diagram of laser spot of beam combination laser in far field
表 1 二氧化硅的热力学参数
Table 1 Thermodynamic parameters of SiO2
材料特性 参数 密度/ kg·m−3 2 200 吸收系数/ m−1 141 热导率/ W·m−1·K−1 1.4 比热容/ J·kg−1·K−1 752 热膨胀系数/ K−1 5.8×10−7 杨氏模量/ GPa 73.1 泊松比 0.17 熔点/ K 1 750 拉应力/ MPa 500 压应力/ MPa 3 000 
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表 2 双色镜热分析形变量仿真结果
Table 2 Simulation results of thermal analysis and deformations of dichroic mirror
单束激光功率/ W 最高温度/(°) 最低温度/(°) 元件形变量RMS/m 500 20.898 20.308 1.5×10−10 10 000 38.734 26.867 2.9×10−9
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表 3 合束激光远场光斑参数仿真计算结果
Table 3 Simulation results of laser spot parameters of beam combination laser in far field
距离L/m 300 500 1 000 3 000 $ {d_c} $/mm $ \delta $=0 54.7 91.7 183.4 550.0 $ \delta $=10 μrad 55.3 92.1 186.0 557.2 $ {\theta _c} $/mrad $ \delta $=0 0.183 0.183 0.183 0.183 $ \delta $=10 μrad 0.184 0.184 0.184 0.184
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表 4 连续1 070 nm、1 090 nm激光合束效率试验测试结果
Table 4 Test results of beam combination efficiency between 1 070 nm and 1 090 nm continuous laser
序号 1 070 nm激
光功率/W1 090 nm激
光功率/W合束后
功率/W合束效率/% 1 499.8 501.1 954.8 95.4 2 499.8 501.1 952.6 95.2 3 499.8 501.1 956.1 95.6
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表 5 脉冲1 064 nm、连续1 090 nm激光合束效率试验测试结果
Table 5 Test results of beam combination efficiency between 1 064 nm pulse laser and 1 090 nm continuous laser
序号 合束前 合束后 合束效率/% 1 064 nm
脉冲能
量/mJ1 090 nm
连续功
率/W1 064 nm
脉冲能
量/mJ1 090 nm
连续功
率/W1 064 nm
脉冲1 090 nm
连续1 400.2 500.6 389.6 474.6 97.3 94.8 2 400.2 500.6 387.4 476.8 96.8 95.2 3 400.2 500.6 390.1 475.2 97.5 94.9
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