Study on measurement technology of ultra-low brightness
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摘要:
光亮度是表征发光体的重要光度特性参数。提出了一种超低亮度计的设计方法，描述了超低亮度计的工作原理和组成；利用微弱光信号处理技术、非线性校准技术、制冷散热技术等实现了超低亮度的自动测量；根据亮度计的测量原理，对仪器进行了标定，测量不确定度达到5%。超低亮度计可适用于实验室和现场等测试场所，为微光夜视装备、显示系统、特种光源、发光材料等的性能评估测试和校准提供计量保障。
Abstract:The brightness is an important parameter of photometric characteristics to characterize the luminescent materials. A design method of ultra-low brightness meter was proposed, and the working principle and composition of the device were described. The automatic measurement of ultra-low brightness was realized by using the technologies of weak light signal processing, nonlinear calibration, cooling and heat dissipation. According to the principle of brightness meter measurement, the calibration was carried out, and the uncertainty of measurement was up to 5%. The ultra-low brightness meter can be used in testing sites such as laboratory and field, which can provide metrological guarantee for performance evaluation and calibration of low-level-light night vision equipment, display system, special light source and luminescent materials.
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图 2 超低亮度计组成及工作原理图
Figure 2. Composition and working principle of ultra-low brightness meter
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图 6 超低亮度计测量亮度源示意图
Figure 6. Schematic of measuring luminance source by ultra-low brightness meter
表 1 PMT制冷方案温控原理实验数据
Table 1 Experimental data of temperature control principle of PMT refrigeration scheme
时间/min 温度/℃ 电流/A 备注 0 22.6 10 − 1 2.8 9.9 − 2 −6 9.8 − 3 −11.8 9.7 − 4 −15.6 9.6 − 5 −18.4 9.5 − 6 −20.3 9.4 5′50″时达到-20 ℃ 7 −21.9 9.3 − 8 −19.85 9.2 8′50″时达到平衡 9 20.02 9.1 温度稳定 10 −20.05 9 温度稳定 
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表 2 超低亮度计亮度实验结果
Table 2 Brightness experimental results of ultra-low brightness meter
测量次数 亮度/×10−6 cd/m2 亮度平均值/
×10−6 cd/m2相对实验
标准偏差/%1 3.727 3.684 2.65 2 3.812 3 3.745 4 3.539 5 3.763 6 3.604 7 3.756 8 3.641 9 3.535 10 3.718
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表 3 超低亮度计测量不确定度一览表
Table 3 List of ultra-low brightness photometer measurement uncertainties
测量不确定
度分量ui测量不确
定度来源测量不
确定度/%评定
方法u1 透镜焦距引入的不确定度 0.05 B u2 成像面上的照度引入的不确定度 2.0 B u3 光学系统的透过率引入的不确定度 1.0 B u4 透镜与发光面的距离引入的不确定度 0.1 B u5 孔径直径引入的不确定度 0.5 B u6 测量重复性引入的不确定度 0.9 A
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