Abstract: The compound-eye optical imaging system features outstanding advantages over traditional single-aperture optical system in large field of view detection, image recognition, and target detection. However, with the increase of the field of view, the image distortion of sub-aperture itself and the distortion caused by installation position error of the multiple sub-aperture will directly affect the quality of mosaic images. To address the problem, the distortion measurement and correction of compound-eye system were carried out by using the photoelectric measurement technology, and the multi-mode dynamic electronic distortion measurement target was generated. Then, the distortion measurement and correction model was constructed, and the polynomial fitting algorithm was established. The least square method was adopted to obtain the distortion coefficient, and the images were reconstructed by using the bilinear interpolation model. The experimental results show that the average relative distortion after correction is better than 0.1%, which can meet the accuracy requirements of distortion correction and image mosaic of compound-eye optical imaging system with large field of view.