Analysis of effect of light source angle on image edge of metal surfaces
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摘要: 在机器视觉的图像处理中影响图像优劣的因素有很多，其中光源照射角度是主要因素之一。为了得到更好的图像数据，对视觉系统中光源照射最佳角度进行了仿真分析与实验研究，实验中采用单一变量法，只改变光源照射角度，通过理论计算、模拟仿真和实验验证相结合，得到了最佳的光源照射角度。结合Sobel算法检验在最佳角度下和其他角度下的图像边缘质量，结果表明在光照角度为57.17°的倾角下图像光照数据和边缘图像表现最好。该实验结果对更深层次的图像处理和图像采集具有指导意义。Abstract: In the image processing of machine vision, there are many factors affecting the image quality, and one of the main factors is the illumination angle of the light source. In order to get the better image data, it is necessary to carry out the simulation analysis and experimental study on the optimal angle of the light source illumination in the vision system. A single-variable method was used in the experiment to change the illumination angle of the light source only. Through a combination of the theoretical calculation, the simulation, and the experimental verification, the best illumination angle of the light source was obtained. The image edge quality under the optimal angle and other angles was examined in combination with the Sobel algorithm. The results show that the performances of image illumination data and edge image are the best under the illumination angle of 57.17°, which are of guiding significance for deeper image processing and image acquisition.
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Keywords:
- machine vision /
- light source angle /
- image analysis /
- Sobel algorithm
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图 4 像距和图像视野比例关系
Figure 4. Relationship between image distance and image field of view ratio
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图 6 角度与平均偏差、标准偏差的曲线图
Figure 6. Curves of angle with mean deviation and standard deviation
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图 7 高度235.8 mm斜面仿真照度图
Figure 7. Simulated illuminance diagram of inclined plane at 235.8 mm
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图 8 高度235.8 mm时不同光源角度工件光照分布
Figure 8. Illumination distribution of workpieces with different light source angles at 235.8 mm
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图 10 高度235.8 mm时不同角度下的工件图像
Figure 10. Images of workpieces at different angles at 235.8 mm
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图 11 Matlab中6幅图像中线处光照分布曲线
Figure 11. Illumination distribution curves at midline of six images in Matlab
表 1 光照均匀性平均偏差和标准偏差
Table 1 Mean deviation and standard deviation of illumination uniformity
照射角/（°） 平均偏差/
（W/mm2）标准偏差/
（×10−7 W/mm2）11.01° 0 0 33.02° 0.76 5.46 47.37° 0.49 10.7 57.17° 0.43 8.20 
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