Abstract: The laser developed atmospheric lens (LDAL) is an advanced concept of space surveillance, that is, the high-energy laser was used to form a lens-like structure in the atmosphere to achieve the effective surveillance of enemy targets. The application requirements of this concept were introduced, and the generation mechanism and system structure of laser developed atmospheric lens were analyzed in detail. The technical challenges it faces were discussed in depth, which included the formation effect, moulding method, required laser power, airborne power, target surveillance time and so on, and the relevant information was analyzed. The analysis results show that the laser developed atmospheric lens is an overturning emerging technology, which may change the battlefield perception situation in the future. Technologies such as the miniaturization of high-power laser, huge airborne power, high-speed photography, adaptive optics and high-precision imaging are needed for realization.