Abstract: Although current commercial spectrometer can measure and analyze the detecting targets in extremely high spectral resolution, it still suffers from many disadvantages such as complicated system, bulky size and expensive costs, which are difficult to meet the needs of field testing. In order to solve these problems, a portable multi-channel spectral measurement system for rapid on-site detection was designed. Compared to the traditional spectrometer, the proposed design was not only compact, but also had rather high spectral resolution; and additionally, its multi-channel configuration supported simultaneous detection for multiple samples to further improve the sensing efficiency. Proved by the detecting results on Rhodamine 6G and avian influenza virus H7N9 antibodies, the proposed portable multi-channel spectral measurement system could quantitatively measure various samples in high accuracy. Because this system has the advantages of good sensitivity, high resolution and small volume, it is expected to be used in the rapid on-site spectral detection application.