Abstract: In machine vision, the collected images with distortion need to be corrected. In order to improve the real-time performance of distorted images correction, aiming at the problem of complex on-line calculation of reverse mapping coordinates and insufficient ROM capacity on chip when using FPGA(Field-Programmable Gate Array) to realize the algorithm of image distortion correction, the compressed reverse mapping table was reconstructed online by interpolation method on FPGA. The reverse mapping coordinates were obtained by seeking the reconstructed reverse mapping table, which reduced the online computation of FPGA and the capacity requirement of ROM on chip. The simulation results of MATLAB show that when the compressed parameters are 4, 8 and 16, respectively,the distortion images can be corrected better and the image information cannot be lost. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of algorithm, which can be used for image distortion correction based on FPGA.