Abstract: The ability to obtain fine information of object images through complex media is a major difficulty in photoelectric image acquisition and processing. The complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) photoelectric image sensor was adopted to design a CMOS imaging system and a back-end reading and processing circuit, the target object was imaged through the frosted glass, and the acquired image information is transmitted to the computer for processing.The system was fabricated according to the principle of camera optical imaging system. The circuit was completed by the general CMOS image sensor chip, and the image was acquired by infrared laser-assisted illumination shooting. The same target was imaged at far and near distances respectively, and the iterative image enhancement algorithm was optimized for the target image. It can solve the problem of non-uniformity of frosted glass, greatly improve the reconstruction precision of the light source, and obtain a clear outline of the visible light image. Compared with the general CCD imaging system, the recognition rate is over 95%, which is much larger than the general imaging system, and the imaging performance is good.