Alignment automation of observation point in automatic measurement on parallax of helmet mounted display
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摘要: 自动测量头盔显示器的视差时，用CCD相机取代人眼的主观读取，由于机器视觉不如人眼灵活，CCD相机在人眼观察点才能确保移动时采集的图像是完整的，从而保证全视场的视差测量。该文提出采用模式搜索法在头盔显示器光学平面内实现CCD相机自动对准人眼观察点(眼位点)，从而实现头盔显示器全视场视差的自动测量。对该自动测量系统的测量原理，以及CCD相机自动对准眼位点的实现过程进行了详细论述与说明，对测量精度与效率，对准精度与重复定位精度进行了实验分析。实验结果表明，该方法能够快速、准确、自动地对准眼位点，定位精度为±0.071°，与摆头法测量视差系统进行对比实验，全视场视差测量效率高，重复精度高。Abstract: In order to ensure the whole field of view parallax can be measured, the charged-coupled device (CCD) camera which replaces eye must be located at the observation position (eye point) because the machine vision is not as flexible as the human eye, when the parallax of helmet mounted display is measured automatically. A pattern search method was proposed to make CCD camera locate at the observation position automatically in the optical plane of the helmet mounted display (HMD). Thus, the parallax of the helmet mounted display in the whole field of view can be measured automatically. The principle of the automatic measurement system was discussed in detail, and the process of CCD camera aligning observation point automatically was introduced in detail. Then the measurement precision and efficiency were also analyzed experimentally, as well as the alignment accuracy and repetitive positioning accuracy. The experimental results show that the method can ensure the CCD locate at eye point accurately with high efficiency. The positioning accuracy is ±0.071°.Compared with the pendulum method to measure parallax, it has high measuring efficiency and high repetitive positioning precision.
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图 3 自动对准过程中亮十字线图像(a-c)和自动对准完成时漫天星图像(d)
Figure 3. Bright cross images of auto-alignment (a-c) and stars images after auto-alignment (d)
表 1 自动对准实验结果
Table 1 Automatic alignment experiment results
头盔显示器型号 搜索次数 对准时间 失败次数 成功次数 最快/s 最慢/s A1 1 28 20.1 30.2 A2 0 30 33.4 42.4 B3 0 30 10.2 12.4 B4 1 29 18.2 20.1 C5 1 26 40.9 48.2 C6 0 30 32.6 36.7 
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表 2 测量结果
Table 2 Measurement result
型号 视场角度度/° 测量次数 自动测量 摆头法测量 时间平均/min 视差值 时间平均/min 视差值 平均 最大/(′) 最小/(′) 平均 最大/(′) 最小/(′) A1 0~8 10 3.8 4.184 4.432 4.033 11 4 6 3 8~20 10 4.6 6.596 6.698 6.384 10 5 7 3 A2 0~8 10 3.7 4.391 4.581 4.200 12 4 5 3 8~20 10 3.5 8.199 8.307 8.011 13 4 8 3 B1 0~8 10 4.0 4.612 4.788 4.434 12 5 8 4 8~20 10 4.1 12.279 12.456 12.011 13 5 7 3 B2 0~8 10 4.1 7.087 7.411 6.909 10 5 7 4 8~20 10 4.9 11.314 11.502 11.186 11 5 8 3 C1 0~8 10 3.9 10.245 10.332 10.019 10 4 6 3 8~20 10 3.5 15.506 15.781 15.413 11 3 5 2 C2 0~8 10 4.1 3.708 3.864 3.581 0 13 4 5 3 8~20 10 4.6 9.626 9.798 9.439 0 13 5 8 4
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