Abstract: In order to reduce the wastage due to mixing oil in long distance transportation of crude oil, it is necessary to detect the pipeline crude oil composition in time to determine whether there is a mixed oils accident. Routine examination of crude oil components in oil pipelines need to obtain sample from the field pipeline and make test in laboratory. This technology operation is complicated and easily affected by environmental factors, and failed to reflect the real-time changes of oil composition after oils are mixed.The application of laser Raman spectroscopy for the detection and identification of crude oil has been studied experimentally. In the experiment, two kinds of crude oils were selected from different blocks of Liaohe oil field. Identification of different types of crude oils was carried out through characteristic peaks and spectral analysis. The results show that the characteristic peak of 2 800 cm^-1~3 000 cm^-1 region is an important sign for the identification of saturated hydrocarbons by laser Raman spectroscopy. This section of Raman spectrum represents the diversity of saturated hydrocarbons components and distinguish between different types of crude oils. Further research is expected to form a set of rapid and real-time detection methods during transportation of crude oils.