High-resolution X-ray CCD camera based on the first generation image intensifier
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摘要: 为了实现在较低剂量下获得较高的分辨率，研制了一款价格低廉的X射线CCD相机。该相机使用硫氧化钆作为转换屏、经一代像增强器增强后的图像通过光锥耦合到CCD相机上；为了提高系统的光传输效率，提出了将像增强器输出直面板或倒像器直接更换成光锥，其小端直接同CCD相机耦合的方案；通过灰度分析计算对比度曲线，拟合得出系统的本征空间分辨率为13 Lp/mm；通过拍摄实际景物，可以清晰地看到其内部的细节，显示出比较好的图像质量。Abstract: In order to achieve a higher resolution at lower X-ray doses, a low-cost X-ray CCD camera is developed. The camera uses gadolinium sulfuric acid as a conversion screen, and images enhanced by the first generation image intensifier is coupled to CCD camera through fiber optical taper. In order to improve optical transmission efficiency of the system, a scheme is proposed in which output of image intensifier is directly replaced with fiber optical taper, and its small end is directly coupled with CCD camera. The contrast ratio curve is calculated by gray analysis, and the intrinsic spatial resolution of the system is fitted with 13 Lp/mm. By shooting the actual scene, internal details can be clearly observed, showing a better image quality.
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Keywords:
- image intensifier /
- X-ray camera /
- gray analysis /
- resolution /
- coupling /
- CCD camera
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图 5 像增强器发射光谱与CCD灵敏光谱的比较
Figure 5. Comparison between image intensifier emissionspectrum and CCD sensitive spectrum
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图 7 几种实物及其在本相机下拍摄的X射线下的图片细节
Figure 7. Several kinds of objects and details of X-rayimages taken under camera
表 1 像增强器基本参数
Table 1 Basic parameters of the first generation image intensifier
管号 阴极灵敏度 光阴极辐射灵敏度mA/W 等效背景照度/10-8 LX 屏效lm/W 整管绿光增益cd/m2lx uA/lm(2 856 K) 800 nm 850 nm 01407544 367 16.9 9.9 16 25.2 42.2 01407531 221 7.9 3.5 17 25.6 40.4 01409254 288 20.6 8.1 17 27.4 39.8 01409228 244 17.4 4.1 18 25.1 33.7 
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表 2 CCD相机基本参数
Table 2 Basic parameters of CCD camera
型号 尺寸 总像素数 有效像素 像素尺寸 索尼黑白SUPERHAD CCD相机 1/3英寸 537(H)×597(V) 500(H)×582(V) 9.8 μm(H)×6.3 μm(V)
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