Abstract: In order to guide setup of fluorescence lidar detecting system practically, model system is designed based on fluorescence detection principle Taking oil pollution measurement on water as an example, this paper analyzes main parameters of launch and receiving system of fluorescence lidar detecting model system and its influence on system signal-to-noise ratio, then proper system parameters are chosen according to testing conditions. Receiving system of laser with 50 μJ single pulse energy, telescope with 0.1 mrad receiving field of view and filter with 60 nm bandwidth are adopted in lab conditions, particles with concentration 10 particles/L can be tested. Results show that this simulation of fluorescence lidar model can satisfy requirements for detecting oil pollution on water surface in laboratory.