Extrinsic F-P fiber optic sensor design for partial discharge detection and sensitivity analysis
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摘要: 为解决超声波法检测电力设备局部放电灵敏度低问题,提出一种采用石英膜片的全电介质结构的光纤法珀超声传感器设计方法。为获得适于局放检测频响特性的法珀传感器,根据弹性力学原理分析法珀传感器固有频率随膜片尺寸参数变化规律,利用ANSYS有限元仿真方法设计3种不同结构尺寸的法珀传感器。在绝缘油箱中采用信号发生器驱动压电陶瓷传感器发射50 kHz~250 kHz超声波,获得FP传感器的幅频特性曲线。FP1~FP3对板板电极局放声信号检测实验表明,设计传感器一阶固有频率在150 kHz处可有效检测局放,且相同固有频率下FP传感器灵敏度随膜片厚度减小而显著提高。相同结构参数下腔长为130 m和100 m的FP传感器检测灵敏度前者是后者的2.47倍,实验结果表明增加FP腔长可提高传感器局放检测灵敏度。Abstract: To solve the problem of low sensitivity when using ultrasonic wave method to detect partial discharge (PD) in power equipment, a dielectric fiber FabryPerot (FP) acoustic sensor with quartz membrane was designed. For suitable frequency response characteristics of FP sensor, the natural frequency of FP sensor changed with diaphragm size was analyzed based on the theory of elasticity, and 3 FP sensors with different sizes were designed using ANSYS finite element analysis method. The ultrasound waves from 50 kHz to 250 kHz were generated from piezoelectric transducer (PZT) driven by signal generator in insulating oil tank. The ultrasound waves were detected by 3 FP sensors to get the amplitudefrequency characteristic curves. The experiment of plateplate PD detection by FP1~FP3 shows that the FP sensors with the first natural frequency of 150kHz could detect PD signals effectively, and the sensitivity can be significantly enhanced with the decreasing diaphragm thickness under the same natural frequency. The FP sensor sensitivity with the cavity length of 130 m is 2.47 times of that of the FP sensor with 100 m cavity length. The results show that the PD detection sensitivity of FP sensor can be enhanced by increasing the FP cavity length.
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