Abstract: Based on the plate theory, using the tiny changes of interference pattern under the stress deformation on Newtons rings, we put forward an nondestructive optical vitreous stress measurement method based on the optical interference theory.We theoretically deduced the analytic formula between the curvature radius of Newtons rings and the stress,by using a designed pressure applying device which could be reasonably installed on the Newtons ring device, experimentally studied the transformation relation between the applied stress and the interference pattern, eventually proved the feasibility of the stress measurement method based on interference technique with Newton s ring through theoretical analysis and experimental comparison.Using this system to measure the stress of the optical glass sample, the minimum error between the measurement results and the actual stress is 0.8%.